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Cryotherapy involves having thin needles inserted into the prostate through the skin between the testicles and the back passage (rectum). Once in place, gas is passed through the needles and freezes the tumour(s), destroying the cancer cells inside. It is usually only given to men with early-stage prostate cancer.
The treatment can be given to the whole prostate if you have several tumours or given to a small area of the prostate. Both methods are done under a general anaesthetic or a spinal anaesthetic, so you won’t feel anything during the treatment.
During the procedure, an ultrasound probe is gently passed into the back passage. The probe makes ultrasound images of the prostate to help your doctor see the tumour(s) more clearly and make sure the needles are inserted correctly.
Cryotherapy is a specialised technique and is not available in all hospitals. In some countries, cryotherapy may be available as part of a clinical trial.
This chapter contains general information about prostate cancer treatments. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice or treatment. Always consult your doctor or healthcare provider for guidance on your individual medical situation.
The development of this chapter was funded by Ferring Pharmaceuticals. Its content has been independently developed and approved by the EAU Patient Office.
Last updated: May 2025